Certified Maintenance & Reliability Professional (CMRP) Practice Exam

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What distinguishes passive RFID tags from active RFID tags?

Passive tags are powered by batteries
Active tags are read at shorter distances
Passive tags are powered by external energy sources
Active tags require manual activation

The correct answer is: Passive tags are powered by external energy sources

The distinction between passive RFID tags and active RFID tags primarily lies in their power sources and how they operate. Passive RFID tags do not have their own power source; instead, they are powered up by the electromagnetic energy transmitted from the RFID reader. When the reader emits a signal, it energizes the passive tag, allowing it to transmit its stored information back to the reader. This characteristic is a fundamental aspect of passive RFID technology, as it allows for simpler and often more cost-effective tag designs. In contrast, active RFID tags are equipped with their own internal batteries, enabling them to continuously transmit signals and operate independently from the reader's electromagnetic field. This battery power allows active tags to transmit over much longer distances compared to passive tags. The internal power source of active tags also means they can maintain a constant communication with the reader and can store more data. Understanding this key difference helps in identifying the right RFID technology for various applications based on the required reading range, data capacity, and the environmental conditions in which the tags will be deployed.